298K毛吸附溴化烷基三甲铵的性质及自由能

用液 /固吸附计量置换模型 ( SDM- A) ,研究了 2 98K羊毛纤维吸附溴化烷基三甲铵阳离子表面活性剂 CTAB和 DTAB的吸附等温线 ,结果表明它们均遵从 SDM- A的线性作图关系 .用 SDM-A的线性参数βα 和 q/z很好地描述了碳氢链长及加盐效应对于吸附性质的影响规律 ,特别是能定量地描述加盐效应对于吸附同时具有的促进和抵消两种相反作用的程度 ,并用 SDM- A的热力学 ,由线性参数计算得到了不同体系的吸附亲和能 ΔGA,解吸能 ΔGD 及总过程的自由能 ΔGP.一个吸附体系中 ,ΔGA 为常数且为较大的负值 ;ΔGD 为随溶液体相浓度 c增大而增大的正值 ;ΔGP为与 lgc呈线性关系的较小的负值 .计算所得结果能很好地解释实验事实 ,并可从更深层次上揭示吸附机理 .     

液压传动系统设计中的几个关键问题

文章分析研究了液压传动系统设计中的几个关键性问题。     

化工传热过程计算方法的分析

通过分析比较化工传热过程计算中的平均温度差法(MTD法)和传热单元数法(NTU法),找出了它们之间的内在联系,结合这两种方法的优点,组合成了一种新的计算方法,应用于化工传热过程的计算,可使计算过程大为简便,同时又可评价换热设备流动型式的合理性。     

高毒低效农药在土壤中的行为

对农药在土壤中的历程，残留及分解以及和微生物的关系作了较详的研究报导，在保护环境以及确保人类需求食品安全的今天，开展这类课题的研究有着重要的现实意义。     

The Frontier Movement and The American Values and Beliefs

This paper briefly accounts the background of American values and beliefs. It analyses the essence of the American ideals and points out that the American values are exaggerated and glamorized by the American upper class. They are in a sense, a dose of anaesthetic and a kind of hypocrisy.     

The Response of Debris-Flow Events to Solar Proton Flares （Ⅰ）

By analyzing the observation data from Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station and historical data from year 1965 to 1990 gotten from National Astronomical Ob-servatories/Yunnan Observatory,the responding of debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine to Solar Proton Flare is studied. The following conclusion can be drawn. Solar Proton Flare,as one of most im-portant astronomical factors,affects the activity of debris flow in Yunnan. Generally,from 1965 to1990,the more active Solar Pro-ton Flare is,the greater the probability of high frequency and large runoff of debris flow is. On the contrary,the less active Solar Pro-ton Flare is,the greater the probability of low frequency,small runoff,and low sediment transport of debris flow is.     

Picturing the moon: Hevelius’s and Riccioli’s visual debate

This article investigates the maps of the moon produced in the mid-seventeenth century by Jesuit Giambattista Riccioli (1598-1671) and Johannes Hevelius (1611-1687), whose cartographic projects competed for widespread acceptance. Although Hevelius’s Selenographia (1647) was applauded for its many detailed, self-engraved pictures of the moon, his cartography and proposed nomenclature were supplanted by Riccioli’s as offered in Almagestum novum (1651), in spite of the latter’s simplistic pictures and promotion of geocentric cosmology. Exploring this paradox through pictorial analysis, three types of images common to both Selenographia and Almagestum novum are compared, employing an analytical tool developed by Svetlana Alpers in The art of describing (1983). A focus on this debate exposes the tensions evoked by new technologies of vision and competing cultures of visual epistemology in seventeenth-century astronomy. As both selenographers grappled with questions about the role of representation and what kinds of knowledge could be generated visually, the successes and failures of their competing projects present implications for the course of visual astronomy, as well as for our understanding of the use of ‘visual technologies’ in a period of controversy.     

水切割机中超高压预应力复合缸体研究

针对水切割机中高压缸经常爆裂的现象,本文研究了预应力缸体、高压缸的失效原因及预应力缸体的基本特点,最后进行了缸体疲劳实验。     

南淝河水质S-P模型参数K1、K2的估值

对南淝河河流水质S-P模型中碳化BOD衰减系数K1和大气复氧系数K2分段进行了估值.根据实验测定数据,用最小二乘法、图解法和两点法等3种方法对K1进行了估值,应用公式估算法对K2进行了估值,并对估值的结果与南淝河的有机污染状况进行了对比和分析,从而为模型提供准确的参数值,也为南淝河的水污染控制和水质规划提供有益的借鉴.     

长春市城郊无公害农业土壤环境中As含量状况调查研究

通过对长春市城郊无公害农业土壤环境中As含量水平调查,并进行了相对于无公害农作物产地环境质量标准中有关As的污染性评价,得出长春市城郊农业土壤环境中As的含量水平状况。长春市城郊无公害农业土壤环境中As含量存在不均衡性;浓度范围在4 12μg/g～18 60μg/g之间,平均值为12 17μg/g;污染呈现出从西南至东北的带状趋势;以《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜产地环境要求》中GB/T18407 1-2001规定的As的质量标准作为评价标准进行评价,长春市城郊农业土壤环境中As的标准污染指数均小于1,属于未受As污染的土壤类型。图3,表2,参6。